p-nitrophenyl esters and triacylglycerol were obtained from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Q-Sepharose was gained from Pharmacia (Uppsala, Sweden).

All other chemicals and materials used were of analytical grade. 2.2. Screening of methanol-tolerant lipase producing bacteriaSoil and water samples were collected from Gehver hot spring located in Jiroft, Iran. Methanol was added to the 20 ml enrichment culture medium (K2HPO4, 3.5 g/L; KH2PO4, 1.0 g/L; MgSO4.7H2O, 0.

25 g/L; tween-80 5.0 g/L; (NH4)2SO4, 10.0 g/L; olive oil, 50.0 g/L) at a concentration of 30% (v/v). The mentioned medium was incubated at 30 °C with the shaking at 160 rpm. After three days, the culture was inoculated to different medium two times. Lastly, culture samples were spread on tributyrin agar plates (yeast extract 1.0%, tryptone, 0.

25%, NaCl 0.5%, tributyrin 0.5%, and agar 1.0%). Colonies displaying higher lipase activity (clear zone) were picked up and re-spread on the olive-oil medium (yeast extract 0.1%, MgSO4·7H2O 0.05%, K2HPO4 0.1%, phenol red 0.

005%, olive oil 6%, and agar 1.5%). The mentioned plates were placed at 30 °C for two days.

The bacteria display great ratios of pink area diameter to colony diameter were chosen as latent lipase source. Strain MG10 produced the lipase with great methanol stability was designated and identified based on 16S rDNA sequence, morphological and biochemical tests rendering to our earlier reports (Ramezani-Pour et al., 2015; Azadian et al., 2015).

2.3. Production and purification of lipaseThe strain MG10 was cultured in medium having KH2PO4, 1.0 g/L; K2HPO4, 3.5 g/L; MgSO4.7H2O, 0.

25 g/L; tween-80 5.0 g/L; (NH4)2SO4, 10.0 g/L; olive oil, 50.0 g/L. It was incubated on a shaker incubator at 170 rpm at 30 °C. After two days of incubation, supernatant was centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 15 min at 4 °C. The obtained supernatant was concentrated by 85 % (W/V) ammonium sulphate and maintained at 4 °C for 5 h. After that, the obtained pellet was collected by the centrifugation at 13,000 rpm for 25 min at 4 °C and re-suspended in a minor volume of 45 mM Tris–HCl buffer (pH 7.

8). Subsequently, it was dialyzed against 45 mM Tris–HCl buffer (pH 7.8) for 24 h and the buffer was changed after 8h intervals. The obtained dialyzed enzyme was laden onto a Q-Sepharose FF column (1.6 cm × 10 cm) which equilibrated with 45 mM Tris–HCl buffer (pH 7.5). The bounded proteins were eluted with the previous buffer having a linear gradient of NaCl from 0.0 to 0.

5 M at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The sample with high enzyme action was collected and dialyzed against the mentioned buffer. Lastly, the purity of enzyme was considered by SDS-PAGE (Laemmli, 1970) and protein value was also measured by Bradford process (Bradford, 1976).2.4. Lipase assayLipase activity was explored by hydrolysis rate of the p-nitrophenyl palmitate (pNPP) as a substrate.

This substrate was dissolved in isopropanol to 20 mM concentration. In assay reaction, 20 µL of pNPP substrate was supplemented to 460 µL of Tris–HCl buffer (40 mM, pH 7.8). Then, the reaction was started by the addition of 20 µL of the lipase. The assay blend was incubated at 37 °C and after 30 min of incubation, it was stopped by chilling on ice. The absorbance value of the formed para nitrophenol (p-NP) was measured at 410 nm.

To consider any spontaneous hydrolysis of substrate, control samples without lipase were also used. All these tests were performed three times. One unit of enzyme activity was measured as the extent of lipase which liberating one micromole of para nitrophenol (p-NP) per minute below the assay situations.2.5. Preparation of magnetic graphene oxide compositesGraphene oxide (GO) was produced by oxidizing graphite substrate according to the Hummers procedure with slight modification (Sun et al. 2012). Usually, graphite powder (2.

0 g), NaNO3 (1.0 g), KMnO4 (6.0 g), and concentrated H2SO4 (98%, 50 mL) were blended and strongly stirred in an ice-bath for 120 min.

After that, the resultant blend was incubated in a 37 °C and preserved for 120 min, tracked by the mild addition of ultra-pure water (150 mL). Subsequently, the temperature was increased to 98 °C and the reaction was permitted to continue at the mentioned temperature for 40 min. When the temperature diminished to 60 °C, H2O2 (30%, 10 mL) was subsequently added and auxiliary stirred for 120 min.

The resulting blend was filtered and then washed with hydrochloric acid (5.0 %) and distilled water for numerous times pending the pH of the washing solution was neutral, and then dehydrated in a vacuum stove at 60 °C. Exfoliation of graphene oxide was approved out by the sonication for 120 min in an aqueous solvent.FeSO4 nanoparticles were produced and activated with amino functional groups (Reza et al. 2010). These particles were prepared by the addition of ammonium hydroxide into a varied solution of FeSO4 (0.7 g) and FeCl2 (1.

4 g) in 30 ml deionized water pending gaining a brown precipitate. To eliminate the remaining ions, the gained product was gathered and washed with deionized water up to a pH value of 7.0 was attained; the resulting artefact was dried at 100 °C for 120 min. Then, these nanoparticles were functionalized with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane to acquire amino activated magnetic nanoparticles. 0.

02 g of Magnetite nanoparticles, 100 µL of 3-aminopropyl trimetoxysilane, were dissolved in 30 µL of deionized water and 2.5 mL of methanol. So, the resulting blend was sonicated for 25 min. Afterward, 1.5 mL of glycerol was supplemented to the mixture, and the obtained solution was heated at 85 °C for 6 h.

The acquired precipitate was washed with deionized water and methanol for three times (Talekar et al., 2012; Xie and Huang, 2018).The coated magnetic GO were equipped by co-precipitation manner with adding of ammonia solution (Deng et al., 2013).

GO (0.5 g) was distributed in 220 mL distilled water and subsequently imperiled to ultrasound for 3 h. Then, the GO solution was gradually added into the coated magnetite nanoparticles solution. Next, the obtained blend was ultrasonicated for 60 min. Finally, the obtained nanocomposite were gathered by using a peripheral magnetic field, washed four times with distilled water, and lastly dehydrated in a vacuum stove at 60 °C.