Islam to Judaism and Christianity all come from Abraham and his sons Ishmael and Isaac. They all share the Old Testament and all believe in God. They also believe in an afterlife. They all have a Holy Book.
The major difference is that most Christians believe that Jesus was divine, the son of God. Islam says Jesus was only a prophet and the Jews do not believe that Jesus was a Prophet, or in any way holy. Five important rituals which are known as the pillars of Islam. Shahadah – A profession of fait; Salat – Prayer five times daily; Zakat – alms giving; Sawm – Fasting during the Holy month of Ramadan; Hajj – Pilgrimage to the Holy city of Mecca.In Judaism Rituals include the Circumcision of newly born Jewish males, Barmitzvah – a ceremony marking the ‘coming of age’ of Jewish Boys and observation of the Sabbath. As in the other faiths, prayer is important.
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The Jewish prayer book is called the siddur.In Christianity The Sacraments, including Baptism and Holy Communion(Eucharist). In Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism, five more are added, viz: Confirmation, Marriage, Penance, Holy Orders and Anointing of the sick.
Prayer is also an important part of the faith.All three faiths believe that they can atone for sins. It means to ask and work for forgiveness of sins.Salvation for Christians can be gained through faith in Jesus and his resurrection and love for one another. Salvation for Muslims and Jews can be attained through good works.Christians believe The Holy Spirit to be divine and part of the Trinity.
Muslims believe the Angel Gabriel gave Prophet Mohammed the Holy Book of the Quran. Jews see The Holy Spirit as a Holy power given to the prophets.Muslims think the Christian Bible is a holy document, as it describes the life and times of one of their Prophets, though they do not agree with some of the details. One of the biggest difference is the lack of organized religious services. The Muslims pray 5 times a day while Jews go to temple and Christians go to Church.
The biggest thing they have in common is they both have similar stories and prophets. They share a lot of the same ideas and also a lot of the same people.