Iqbal’s workcontains different interpretations of Prophet Muhammad. At the end of he viewedthe Prophet as being faithful and loving friend.

Iqbal said, “Love of the Prophetruns like Blood in the veins of his community.” (Schimmel, 1985, p256) I agreewith Iqbal because without loving the prophet we are not Muslims. Theconnection we have with Islam is because of the Muhammad’s personality and thecharacter he shows.

In texts like these the more you read and get to know himthe more you love him.              Iqbaltranslates Goethe’s poem “Mahomets Gesang.” In the poem Goethe shows theIslamic life is very beautiful. Iqbal starts his translation with the verse “Lookat the stream of water, how it runs, intoxicated, Like a galaxy in the middleof the meadows! O wonderful! The ocean without shore- how it runs, intoxicated,Unique, alien to everything else, its runs! (Schimmel, 1985 p.240) In theselines the image of the ocean as a metaphor for the activity of the Prophet isclose to Islamic mystical view. There is also a quote from Ali Ibn Talib inwhich he asks “Who is the great River? The messenger of the God and theknowledge that has been granted to him.

“(Schimmel, 1985 p.240) Nine yearslater Iqbal recounts his own divine journey in the Javidnama they name him Zindarudwhich means the living stream. The name aims to show his connection with theProphet, who he attempted to follow in his life, and whose ideas he wanted toresume in society.               Accordingthe Schimmel the different features of the veneration of the Prophet connectwith Muhammad Iqbal’s work. Iqbal is a Muslim philosopher who demonstrated the ideaof an Muslim independent state in sub-continent of India. On August 14, 1947Pakistan split with India and became its own independent state.               Accordingto Islamic customs Muhammad himself declined the claim that had made or wouldhave made any type of miracle to verify the truth the message he made. Therewas one exception and that was the Quran and was given to him by his Ruler.

NajmuddinDaya Razi explains that the “the miracle of each prophet is confined to his ownage; but special property of the religion of Muhammad is one of his miracles, namely,the Koran, has survived and will remain until the End of world.” (Schimmel, 1985,p.66) I agree with Razi that the Quran makes references to Muhammad’s qualitiesof character and actions, and strange events that happened in his life. Muhammadwill always be a part of the Quran and he has a special status among otherindividuals in the Quran.               In 619 Khadijaand his uncle Abu Talib passed away. Two years after Khadija and Abu Talib diedthere was a mission from Yathrib to complete the pilgrimage. In 622 Muhammadgot to Yathrib and that marked the birth of the Islamic era which is determinedby the Hegira of the prophet.

Yathrib then became known as Madinat an nabi whichis the city of the prophet.               WhenMuhammad turned the age of 25 he married Khadija and she was twice his age. Itwas a happy marriage and two had four daughters together and one of her sonshad died in early childhood. Khadija was Muhammad biggest support when his lifestarted to change when he turned forty years old.

Muhammad went to the cave ofHira near Mecca and it was over there where he faced a Divine revelation, whichwas a revelation in where he was commanded to recite the lines of the Quran. InMuhammad’s first experience he wanted to hurl himself from Mount Hira. In thecave inspiration came back to him and he started becoming aware that is Godthat instructed him to call his countryman to absolute trust in him. Accordingto Schimmel, Muhammad would suffer when he was revealed to the revelations.               For aperson to comprehend Muslim piety it is required to bear in mind of the lengthyhistory of the veneration of Prophet Muhammad. Schimmel explains the featuresof his life, marriage, and his miracles.               ProphetMuhammad plays an important role in the lives of Muslims and Western scholarsusually overlook Muhammad’s role and they also don’t understand it.

AnnemarieSchimmel describes the place that Muhammad has in Islamic life, religiousmysticism, and poetry. By using poetry and art and by inspecting Islamic religionpractices, Schimmel shows use the good-natured side of the Muslim religionculture. She sees the veneration of Prophet Muhammad having similarities withother main religions.

 Sanai, a Persian poetexplains the poetry in honoring the Prophet and shows how it’s never lost itsattraction throughout Islamic societies. “To speak, any word but, your name Is,error, is error; To sing any artistic praise but for you Is shame, is shame! (Schimmel,1985 p. 176) Another poet who speaks Urdu declares that “Friend, before all ofus is the journey into non- existence. But when one has word of the na’t, thenone has provisions for the road! (Schimmel, 1985 p.176) These lines show an emotionthat has been shared by many poets and writers who have committed to commendthe prophet in verse. But at the same moment all of them have been persuadedthat it is not possible to do justice in his distinction or to express his beautyand compassion in proper words.               I agreewith Schimmel about the hadith.

I believe that the most important hadith thatis in the sunnah is the hadith of Gabriel. In this hadith Umar ibn Khattabrelates to an incident. There is man that is not known, and he comes to theProphet and he asks him different questions and he answers the questions withknowledge.

It later turns out that Umar knew from the prophet that the man AngelGabriel. The discussion was proposed to teach Muslim individuals about their religion.                          Prophet Muhammad’sSunna is made up of his actions, words and facts. According to Schimmel a hadithis a report that holds a statement about a saying and action of the Prophet. Itis told by his companions who related it to somebody in the next age group.

TheSabaha which is one of Muhammad’s companions and is one of the most importantsources for prophetic customs. A hadith can fix a ritual issue, it can examinethe details of faith and doctrine and reveal the mistreatments that are goingto happen in the next life. Hadith sessions are great, and they bringimportance. When a Muslim reads the Quran, or listens and recites it he islistening to God and it bring him closer to the prophet. So, if he seems him oneday he would also listen to its voice. For this purpose, the hadith teachings wereacknowledged as important responsibility for the teacher as it would prepare ina careful way for the occasion.There are a few passages in the Quran that show the excellentrole that Muhammad played. As God “taught Adam the names” (Schimmel, 1985 p.

25)He also taught Prophet Muhammad the Quran. Muhammad was brought “as a Mercy forthe Worlds” (Schimmel, 1985, p.25) and God and the angels sheer blessings abovehim. “He is verily of noble nature” (Schimmel, 1985 p.25) In many locations andindividual finds the divine order “Obey God and his messenger.” These passagesthat Schimmel uses having a meaning. Prophet Muhammad is a human just like us,he would sometimes make mistakes, get mad, and he also had his fears.

Muhammad wasthe messenger because of the message that was given to him which was the Quran.Prophet Muhammad without the Quran is just like us another human being. Godwants us to understand that to obey the messenger means to go with the messagethat is the given to him which is the Quran.              Annemarieshimmel has a huge interest in culture, religion, and Islamic life.

Her bookscover more of the foundation of Islam and not just the politics. As an authorher goal is to make readers awake and make them understand Islam and show thatIslam one of the most misinterpreted religions. Very early in time there many illustrationsof Muhammad’s conflicts and assaults called the maghazi and of the expansion ofIslam in the Arabian Peninsula.

This all constituted for rough material for hissira, which is his biography. The sira was built by Ibn Ishaq in 768 A.D andthen Ibn Hisham edited it in 830 AD and it became the core for all the biographieslater. Annemarie Schimmel is the author ofthis book and she explains that Prophet Muhammad’s life is recognized indifferent texts and research. The Quran mentions events in Muhammad’s life andthe Muslim population.  The statements anddetails about his actions were conserved cautiously and collected.

It was a bigcollection of how the public saw him. Another reference in the text is theverses of writings of Hassan ibn Thabit, who united with the Prophet in Medina.Ibn Thabit praised Muhammad and discredited his enemies. He joined prophet Muhammadto explain the key events in the lives of the Muslim society.