Discussion:Now a day’s Hepatitis B viral infections is the major medical issue around the world including Pakistan as well 14. Hepatitis B infections are mostly related to Blood borne diseases which is mainly transmitted through unscreened blood transfusions from one person to another 12. Pakistan has been rated as a great degree endemic territory for the HBV infections with an expected 9 million individuals tainted with HBV 9 10. According to our findings we noted that the predominance of HBV infection among Nowshera peoples were 4.
91% reported on ICT device Kit whereas the predominance was 2.20% reported on real time PCR method. Our data comprises with other studies carried in different territories of Pakistan which was 6.5% respectively 15.
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Additionally the provincial prevalence of HBV infections was reported 4.3% in Baluchistan which is very high as compared with the prevalence noted in sindh 2.5% and Punjab 2.4% respectively. Additionally the prevalence reported in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa was 1.
3% previously 11. Now we clarified that the predominance of HBV infections in KPK was raised from 1.3% to 2.2%.
According to our report we find that the predominance of HBV infections among married females is greater than unmarried. Additionally the predominance of hepatitis B virus was greater in male individuals compared with female individuals. The primary spreading factors responsible for HBV viral infections includes interaction with tainted blood, unprotected sexual interactions, semen and vaginal discharges, the sharing of needles among IDU’s, sharing of personal equipments like shaving razors, tooth brushes and hair brushes. In the developing nation the main risk factor for the transmission of HBV infections are blood transfusion 13.
Other hazard factors are absence of screening of blood items 16, the reuse of syringes in some areas, underreporting of infected cases and needle strict injuries 17 18, absence of instruction and hazard mindfulness in rural and urban regions 19, and natural disasters like floods in the studied territories 20.
